Sociolinguistics
Elahe Madah Shoorche; Bahman Zandi; Belghis Rovshan; Ali Karimi Firooz jaee
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of the social variables of age, gender and education of lawyers on the verbal interactions of judges with them in legal events in the framework of forensic sociolinguistics. The statistical population of the research includes lawyers in Mashhad, ...
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The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of the social variables of age, gender and education of lawyers on the verbal interactions of judges with them in legal events in the framework of forensic sociolinguistics. The statistical population of the research includes lawyers in Mashhad, Iran, and the sample selection method is purposeful sampling until the saturation of information is reached. The research approach is qualitative research, its analysis method is thematic analysis and its tool is semi-structured interview. The subject of the research is to investigate the verbal interactions of judges with lawyers in legal events, such as hearings, interrogations, investigations and trials, in Mashhad, in 1401. For this purpose, the contents and themes of the interviews were coded in three stages. In an interview with 24 volunteers from available lawyers, it was found that superior and subordinate relationships prevail in legal events, and many judges exercise power through language. The results of the research show that the age, gender and education of lawyers have an effect on the way the judge speaks to them, answers and even issues a verdict. Gender has been of special importance and gender stereotypes are very prominent in this field. One of the important issues expressed by the lawyers in the interviews was the importance of the personality of the judge and the personality of the lawyer in the verbal interactions of the judges with the lawyers, which indicates that the personality of the people themselves is much more important and influential than their age, gender and education. In addition, increasing age is also an important variable, and many lawyers stated that the behavior of appeal judges is usually better because they are older, and lawyers also act more mature with increasing age. After all, in general, judges deal better with older lawyers both in tone and type of speech.
Sociolinguistics
Bahman Zandi; Seyed Mahmoud Motesharrei; Fatemeh Yousefi Rad
Abstract
Social linguistics adopted a synchronic framework and turned onomastics from an archaist science to a modern one dealing with contemporary society. However, it is impossible to ignore the role names play in shaping individuals’ cognitive structures. Thus, cognitive linguistics also showed an interest ...
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Social linguistics adopted a synchronic framework and turned onomastics from an archaist science to a modern one dealing with contemporary society. However, it is impossible to ignore the role names play in shaping individuals’ cognitive structures. Thus, cognitive linguistics also showed an interest in this subject because “Names” are multifaceted linguistic elements. Similar to traditional and philosophical studies, social onomastics mostly deal with proper names, but cognitive linguistics, especially studies of Geeraerts et al., address common names. Labov (1972) sees urban social linguistics as the “science of field studies”; this view can be safely applied to onomastic studies, especially to the approach that addresses onomastics from a socio-cognitive perspective with an emphasis on use and context. This article aims to provide roadmap for onomastics studies applying documentary research method. The authors, after a quick philosophical and diachronic review of literature, examine contemporary onomastics studies from a sociocognitive perspective. The conclusion of their observation and studies shows that the scope of onomastic research has expanded, word-formation (lexical generation) processes draw less attention. Instead, lexical structure and different quantitative approaches, which study the strength of onomastic processes, are receiving more attention by the day.
Language and Culture
Bahman Zandi; Belghis Rovsan; Maryam Amirykhah
Abstract
This socio-onomastics research compares naming Tehran traditional cafés (qahveh khaneh) and coffee shops from a multiple identities perspective. Using a descriptive analytic method, this applied study examined around 232 traditional cafés and 296 coffee shops in Tehran. The results display ...
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This socio-onomastics research compares naming Tehran traditional cafés (qahveh khaneh) and coffee shops from a multiple identities perspective. Using a descriptive analytic method, this applied study examined around 232 traditional cafés and 296 coffee shops in Tehran. The results display that the individual's identity plays a strikingly more significant role in naming traditional cafes than coffee shops. Moreover, from the perspective of gender identity, the use of masculine name characters is more prevalent in traditional cafés than coffee shops, while there exists no significant gender distinction in naming coffee shops. The role of ethnic identity was almost similar yet noticeable in the two places. On the other hand, while traditional cafes opt for national and religious names, the coffee shops use national names more frequently. Also, the results indicate a significant use of international identity in naming coffee shops.
